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[Music]
[Applause]
a friendly welcome
to a desperate
uh topic uh the binomial
uh visited friends in south america
in chile and experienced
in a situation that has not been
put to media in europe in that scale
the fight for the fight of the charlie
and
people for dignity and justice
um she i wish i witnessed the uprising
in santiago de chile
and i wish you
give her a warm welcome
thank you very much my name is sabine
mielem
and i will talk about sheila
despato jila's awakening has been the
slogan of the protests in chile
to understand what is happening there we
have to take a look
at the past
and
here we see on the banner of a protester
in santiago in plaza italia which was
renamed by the demonstrators in plaza
de la dignidad place of dignity
we see the picture of salvador allen
and as written when seremos we will win
in 1970 salvador allende was elected
as the first socialist president in
chile
alien and his unity of political parties
the unidad popular planned to reform the
country
they want to nationalize the copper
industry
which belongs to american companies
nationalize the banks
and do a land reform
the usa sees allende as a threat
and fears the arise of a second kuba
then secretary of state kissinger
says i don't see why we stand by
and watch a country go communist because
of the irresponsibility
of its own people the nixon
administration
provides the right-wing elite in chile
with a lot of money
and help by the cia on september
11 1973 the military
led by general augusto pinocchi
launches a coup d'etat against allende
and his unilet popular
the military bombs the presidential
palace
la monida and salvador allende
who refuses to resign as elected
president
died in the flames by the way i highly
recommend
everybody to listen or to read the last
speech of allende which is a great
speech and also very political
the soccer stadium in santiago becomes a
concentration camp
of torture and death the very beloved
singer victor harva
is murdered there thousands of people
are killed by the military
others disappear the so-called los des
aparacitos
prisoners whose fates are unknown
according to the concept of the american
economist milton friedman
and with the help of a group of his
students chilean students
the so-called chicago boys the dictator
augusto pinocchi
begins a radical privatization of the
country
more or less everything is privatized
and reimer gutsman
the dictator's intellectual right-wing
consultant
changes the constitution in a way that
the concept
of radical neoliberalism is deeply
embedded in it
though chile is celebrated as an
economic miracle
the truth is that very few people get
richer and richer
while the middle class gets poorer and
become
slaves of the banks
in 1988 a referendum finishes the
dictatorship of pinochet
and the transition to a democracy takes
place
but the neoliberal constitution is not
changed
and it is in use until today
today in chile everything has been
privatized
even the water this affects the health
system
the education system and the pensions
public schools are in bad shape
such as the public health system people
die
being on waiting lists for essential
surgeries
others are drowning in debt to try to
pay for medical cost
the pension fund afp is privatized
and nearly all chileans are forced to
pay into it
exceptions are the military and the
carabineros de chile the police
these organizations have their own much
better systems
on october 18 2019
a group of young high school kids jump
over the turnstile
in the metro station in santiago it is
an
act of civil disobedience and protest
against a fair increase of 30 pesos
but the protest does not limit itself to
the fare increase
it spreads quickly to include the entire
neoliberal system
as the root of chili's extreme social
inequality
the demonstrations begin with the slogan
no son trenta pesos santrendanos it is
not 30 pesos it is 30 years
all of a sudden the whole country seemed
to be protesting in the streets
with casarolas that is beating pots and
pans
and honking car horns you have to
imagine that
as an incredible noise santiago
was really really noisy with these
casterolas
here we see the plaza de la dignidad
place of dignity the new name for plaza
italia plaza italia
or plaza de la dignidad is located
in the center of santiago and here you
see the monument of general barcadano
which the demonstrators tried to tear
down
and they were not capable of that so
they changed it daily
this photo shows also the slogan of the
protesters
renuncia pinera resign pinera pinera
his whose nickname is piranha is the
right wing
president of the country and his
eye is falling out here on the banner
and that refers to the brutality of the
police
who shoots out the eyes of demonstrators
the movement gets bigger and bigger
and uh the president sebastian pinera
holds a speech in which he declares war
against his own people
estamos and guerra we are at war and he
sends
out the military in the streets
he probably thought this would be a good
idea because it worked so well in 1973
and my guess is he thought this would
intimidate the chilean people
well the opposite happened on 25th of
october
nearly 2 million people were peacefully
demonstrating in the streets of santiago
with the slogan no tenemos medo
we have no fear and a symbol of
the protest became the mapuche flag
which you see here
on this picture the mapuche flag has
this
sun in the middle and the mapuche
are indigenous people who live in the
south of chile
and are persecuted by the chilean
government
according to anti-terrorist laws
and the conflict is about land and
i mean who owns the land and who can use
the natural resources
here we see demonstrators a band playing
at the monument of general barcadano in
santiago
this monument became the epic center
of the protests and there were musical
bands playing
and this one played songs by victor
harga
victor hagan the one who was the singer
who was murdered
in the soccer stadium and his
song el derecho de vivre and pass
the right to live in peace became one of
the hymns
of the movement
here we see a demonstrator you see he
has the
mapuche flag and wears
glasses as protection against the tear
gas
and he wears a mask which says
yo apuevo i consent and this refer
refers to the demand of the
demonstrators for a new constitution
because the the new constitution
and the creation of a new constitution
is a key element for the demonstrators
and with
the creation of a new constitution they
mean
a constitution which is free from
neoliberal
elements many chileans
demand a basic change in the system
the right for living life and dignity
this old man has a sign
which says gracias valente juventud
thank you courageous young people
at the end of a long working career
people
have ridiculously low pensions
very often around two hundred thousand
two hundred fifty thousand pesos
that is something about two hundred or
three hundred euros
and you have to know chile has very high
life costs so it is not much cheaper
than germany i saw the slogan of a
demonstrator who said
i have more fear of my retirement than i
have
of the cops as a consequence
chile has a high rate of old people who
commit suicide because
they can't make a living and you see
also
many old people in the streets who sell
little things
just for get by
very soon the artists joined the protest
here we see street art and this shows
the very popular singer mon la ferret
mon la ferte is well known in latin
america
and this picture refers to
a situation in november 2019
when she won at the latin american
grammys
award and she walked bare-breasted
on the red carpet and on her naked
breast is written
and sheila torturman violent and martin
they torture rape and kill in sheila
and this street art poster
is a reference to that
the whole protest has been organized
through social media such as facebook
twitter
and instagram there are hashtags on
twitter
for example like chile desperately lose
awakening
or renuncia pinera resign pilera
and they are filled with information
about the protests
the official media in chile such as the
tv
does not report about the movement if
they report at
all it surely is in a criminalizing
and discriminating way
the answer to the protest from president
pinera
is first his answer was to send out the
military in the street
which i already told you and then he
sends
out the police the carabineros de chile
the carabineros de chile is a highly
militarized police force here you see
them
using tear gas the
tear gas is very often employed
with it with chemicals and when i was
there in november and in february in
march
it was often mixed with caustic sodium
hydroxide
that is a stuff um if you get hit by the
tear gas
your eyes burn like crazy you start
coughing sometimes you can't
breathe anymore and your skin
gets burned by the way this
this picture was taken more or less
right in front of my hostel my hostel
was located in the so-called
zona zero the grounds the ground zone
where nearly daily protests
were happening and were still protests
are happening
and here they are the carbonyls the
chile
nicknamed pacos
the the they are hated
hated hated by the people i saw
situations where
there was for example not at a protest
but a normal street situation
and a police car was driving by and
all of a sudden the whole street started
screaming
astacinos murderers
and so far more than 40 people
died in these protests
more than 460 people have lost one
or both eyes they fire
bullets directly at the faces of the
demonstrators from a very short
distance well known in chile
is the case of the then a year ago
21 year old psychology student gustavo
gotticus
katika whose eyes were shot out in
november 2019 his bad luck was that he's
tall
and so he was a target for the cops
and he was when they when one cop shot
first one and then the other eye out he
was taking pictures
amnesty international is right now doing
a campaign
asking justice for gustavo gottica
another case which happened recently
was a 16 year old kid a demonstrator
that happened in the beginning of
october 2020
and this kid was violent violently
pushed
by a cop head first seven meters
down from the pionono bridge into the
mapacho river
and he barely survived
here you see the night scene is the
the green the green light are laser
pointers
the demonstrators try to block the view
by you using the green green laser
pointers
and trying to prevent the cops from
firing bullets
at night the attacks of the police
were much more brutal
and aggressive and my guess is they
thought
that that the night the dark knight
would protect them
because the demonstrators
always
make films they film police they film
police attacks they film
whenever police is there you can see
people standing with their cell phones
and filming that and so many
of the abusers of the of the state of
the police
are well documented
and i think it's interesting to remember
that right now in france
president macron wants to prohibit
the filming of police actions
during demonstrations
street art in santiago
this photo this this art refers
to the violence of the cops this is the
collage
the the pacos come from a photo
the woman is taken from i think it was a
french artist
i'm not sure and this refers
also to cases of
sexual violence and rape at police
centers
here we see a lady a neighbor lady
who helps the protesters and provides
them with biocarbonart spray for the
throat
and the eyes and there was a little line
people were
standing in line for getting her help
this picture street art shows what the
chileans call estherido social
social explosion in one picture
you see in the left corner up in the
left corner you see
the people who lost their eyes the
bleeding eyes
in the right corner you see three
blindfolded women
dancing these women are from the
performance
on violator and to camino a rapist in
your way
this is a performance by the group las
tieses from valparaiso
and they created this performance as
um as an accused
against sexual violence and the whole
patriarchal system
and within a few weeks it became it
became a viral hit
worldwide and all over the world women
did and do this performance for instance
in new york they did it in front of the
harvey weinstein trial
you see also in the picture you see the
fear of the people
you see a pacu firing
and you see a black dog in the middle
and this black dog is called el negro
matapacos
the black cop killer and this was a real
street dog
who lived in santiago and accompanied
i think it was in 2011 the then
happening
protest of college kids who were
fighting for a better education
and this stray dog was always fighting
with them
in the front line and attacking the
police
and of course the kids loved him for
that and
named him el nico mata pakus the black
cop killer
this dog died in 2017 a natural death
and has become one of the great icons of
the istahido social
you see pictures of him everywhere and
many chileans
identify with him
a reaction to the repression of the
state
was the creation of the premier linea
the frontliners and this is street art
and shows a frontliner couple you see
the man with a gas mask and primeralina
is written on his breast
and the the woman is holding like she is
holding a drink
but it's a molotov cocktail and
the premier galina the frontliners
fight directly against the police and
stand in their way
and enable the other protesters
to make their demonstration so you have
to
have a big peaceful demonstration in
plaza de la dignidad
with live music with sierra with
carnival
and there's a pikachu and there's a
clown and there's a crocodile
and from time to time the frogs of tear
gas are coming
and that's the primeragalina fighting
against
the cops and makes the demonstration
happen the the other
important volunteers are the brigades de
la salud
that are volunteers from the health care
sector
who provide first aid to the
injured demonstrators
the women play a key role in the protest
and i i personally think this would not
be possible
without the women here we see
a young girl and she's obviously very
mad
and she is masked with a green bandana
and this green bandana is the symbol
for the fight for the right of abortion
abortion is in most latin american
countries
illegal and the women are fighting for
illegal
and is a safe abortion
on the poster is written el estado
opraso
es un macho violador the repressive
state
is a macho rapist and that is a line
directly taken from la stasis
on viola dora and to camino
here we see a young college girl in her
school uniform
and she got badly hit by a bullet
her blood is dripping down her leg there
is written
a sigear luchador to continue
the fight and
when i was there in november in santiago
the carabinieros de chile made an
announcement that they would
only use rubber bullets which of course
nobody believed
and i think it was the universidad de
santiago they made a research
and the result was that the bullets
the carabiners to chile use are made out
eighty percent of metal and only twenty
percent
out of rubber
this picture was taken on plaza de la
dignidad
on a sunday afternoon in march and
it was a car rally that showed up
demanding
a new constitution and there were lots
of cars
with flags and honking and they were
driving around the plaza
and the young lady is dressed in the
mapuche flag
and street art again this is the
classical motif of the madonna
in a very unlikely way this madonna is
encapuchada which is masked and by the
way
that was i think it was in november when
the government
did forbid it and
this madonna also has a baby in her arm
but this baby is a paco baby
you see it wears a little wears a paco
uniform and instead of nursing it
she puts spikes in it on her left hand
is written
a cup all cups are bastards
on her right arm you can see the nego
mata pakus
the black cop killer and
yeah personally this is one of my
favorite street art posters
this young lady was out in the streets
in front of my hostel
fighting in the primeiralinha i took the
picture
in the yard of the hostel and
i had been out before like she was i
took
pictures outside when i was badly hit by
tear gas
and couldn't see anything more was
coughing like crazy
and stumbled to the safety of my hostel
my hostel was surrounded by a big
metallic fence
and i knew that i would be safe there
and she was following me
and in the yard we both got treated
with bio-carbonart spray
and after we both got better uh we
prepared
for going out again and that is when i
took the picture
she wears on her right arm a green
bandana
the symbol for the fight for the right
of abortion
and she is an kabuchara and she where
she
she holds a rock in her hand
and here he is el nico mata pacos that's
how he looked the black cop killer
one of the biggest icons of the movement
and a symbol
for freedom and fighting
this is a movement without leadership
this movement organizes itself through
social media
so when you go to a demonstration
nobody holds a speech which i personally
found very refreshing
a movement without leadership but is
also hard to deal with
for the government because
you can corrupt leaders you can bribe
them you can kill them
but what do you do with a movement which
doesn't have any leaders
only icons like a dog so
here he is el nico mata pakus
this is my last picture for today
and here you see this dray docks in
santiago
and in the middle of course el nico
matapacos the black cap killer
the writing says yo apuebo i consent
which refers to the referendum about the
change to a new constitution
that referendum should have taken place
in april
2020 but was postponed
because of corona on october 25th
in 2020 78
of the chilean people voted for a change
of the constitution
and nearly the same number voted that
this change
should be made by elected citizens
and not by politicians this was a great
victory
they say gila was the cradle of
neoliberalism
and it will it and it will be also its
grave
thank you very much for listening thank
you to the cccc
team for giving me the possibility to
talk
thank you to my friend jali here who
helps me with the technique
and thanks to my husband who was deeply
scared to let me go and
to let me travel alone to chile but let
me go
and a big big big gracias
santiago a manuel who worked walked with
me to many demonstrations
despite his bad knee and to claudia
who is giving everything for teaching me
the difficulties and problems of spanish
grammar
thank you very much and i hope we have
some time for some questions
well it seems that
your talk can stunt the audience
no questions which i understand
[Laughter]
so far it just occurred one question
the name of the dog but you mentioned it
after so um
yeah we'll be remembered
what i would find interesting um
is to hear a little bit
about your you
how did you come to visit south america
you didn't go there out of out of
regions that you
are a riot terrorist tourist no no no
no no no no i i had been to chile before
several times and i had taken their
spanish courses
i i wanted to study spanish
and i wanted to to see south america and
if you travel in south america you have
to speak spanish without spanish
i think it's not possible and i was
booked
for november fourth for four weeks in
santiago
in 2019 when the
protests what they call el esta hida
social the social explosion began
and i was not sure what to do because i
had
i had read enough about the chilean
police
to know yeah that they are capable of
everything
so um my chilean friends
said don't come it's it's way too
dangerous
and well but i was curious
i have to say i was curious i wanted to
see what was going on
and it was also clear it would be a
historical moment
what i didn't do and what what was
probably
smart i didn't bring my good camera i
have a good camera and
i had seen before enough films
how the police especially attacked
people with cameras because they thought
they were journalists
yeah and um so i thought it's too
dangerous
to show up there with the camera when i
what i didn't what what was not clear to
me was
um that it was really a war zone when i
arrived
after an 18 long hour flight from
santiago
in santiago um when the
taxi drivers heard where i wanted to go
they said
immediately that's in the zona zero
we will not bring you so uh it took me a
half an hour to persuade a taxi driver
to bring me to my hostel you know that's
how it started
and in the hostel i felt safe
but out being outside was difficult
it was difficult i i several times
police came to me and said stop taking
pictures
and of course in that moment those
moments i stopped taking pictures
but yeah it was always
um it was difficult but on the other
side
the whole city of santiago all the walls
were sprayed with gravity and all the
walls were telling the story of chile
and i have never seen such a thing in my
life so much art
i've never seen it was a little bit like
being in a museum
yeah in a museum of contemporary art
there was so much life and so many
artists
yeah so that was the other side but of
course
it was um it was difficult and the thing
that annoys me a little bit is that
i think that they are not
there they are very sorry
why is it going away
there are very few good um
documentals about sheila there are very
few
good articles about sheila for those who
have
access to the mediatek of the german
french tv
art i highly recommend
to look in the in the and that mediatek
the languages are german and french
and there you find some very good
documentals about chile
so we have one question just come in
somebody would be interested in what the
current situation or momentum of the
demonstrations are
well the current situation is that um
one thing is that the movement
tries to get out their prisoners there
are many
people uh were arrested
um and it's not always very logical who
got arrested or not
yeah i'm not sure what's the right
amount now but
many we i think we're talking about
about a
thousand people two thousand i don't
know many
and that is one of the demands the other
demand
is justice because uh
the government so far did not take
any responsibility for the action
of its police so these are the demands
in april will be a new referendum
another referendum
and then the chilean people have to vote
the they are called constituents
that are the citizens who will write the
constitution
so this whole process is going on it is
not
over yeah the the referendum
with where 78 percent voted for a new
constitution was a big victory
but this is not the end there is a very
um small rich elite
who i'm not sure whether they understand
the situation in chile the ex-health
minister in the corona crisis
he said i did i didn't have any idea
how much poverty is in chile
and i think that was a very honest
sentence
so the middle class who is
so much indebted the middle class
who are slaves of the banks
i think that they are very much through
with this system and they want a change
so it's widespread poverty
that's the driving moment
[Music]
yeah and and it's the middle class yeah
who is the the the the the so called
the ghetto the kids from the ghetto that
are people where nobody
cares but the middle class is uh the
are the people who are who who who get
poorer and poorer
and the interesting thing is that on the
streets
uh the kids from the ghetto and the
middle class together
yeah otherwise you would not have nearly
two million people
protesting um like in october 2019
in the streets how many chileans are
there
ooh in santiago i think it's seven eight
millions
and in uh the whole country 16 millions
maybe 16 yeah oh what i didn't say but
um it's clear the protests are also in
other streets yeah
temuko it's not only santiago
yeah also in other in other cities
there's another question from the irc do
you feel that the protest
could spread in neighboring countries
in other countries in neighboring
countries
yeah i think so i think that the protest
in
peru where they um where they
recently um got rid of their
of their um of their president
that that was influenced by by jesus
protests yes
absolutely absolutely uh other latin
american countries
yeah encouraging yeah yeah yeah
encouraging and
and i think and that's also and also
for me it was an interesting thing just
to see
that in 1970 when salvador allende
and his unidot popular they wanted
really
another system a new system a socialist
system but
a free socialist system not not uh
not a soviet satellite system
and um this this uh
it seemed like the dictatorship of
pinocchi
had erased all this all these ideas they
had
and in this estherido social you see
that this that there's a cultural memory
that this is everything is there yeah
and the the fact that songs
like el dorado review
the united people will never be defeated
which was which is a song from the times
of the unidel papula
that they are so so popular now shows
that the cultural memory of the
the ideas of allende um
is still there and it's it is also no
coincidence that the
only politician i saw at banners
was salvador allende yeah and
all the other politicians also do not go
with
very few exceptions don't go to the
demonstrations and they better do not
because the people are mad at them
yeah they don't feel represented by them
yeah i think that's a very nice closing
quote thank you very much for the talk
thank you thank you very much
ah
bye